The changing fortunes of Odisha's farmers: a comparative analysis of indebtedness and economic status (2002-2019)
Keywords:
landholding patterns, credit access, income trends, consumption expenditure, indebtednessAbstract
This study examines the evolution of landholding patterns, credit access, income, consumption expenditure, and indebtedness among farmers in Odisha from 2002-03 to 2018-19 using NSSO’s Situation Assessment Surveys (SAS) data. It reveals a significant increase in marginal farmers and a decrease in larger landholdings, reflecting land fragmentation. Credit access has notably improved, with the percentage of loanee families rising from 47.8% to 61.2%. Despite a 91.3% increase in agricultural income, consumption expenditure grew faster than income, indicating rising living costs. Debt levels also increased by 53.3%, though interest rates declined, suggesting improved credit conditions. The study highlights positive trends in financial inclusion and income but underscores the ongoing challenges of managing rising living costs and debt. It calls for targeted policies to enhance economic stability and living standards for small and marginal farmers in Odisha.
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