Social policy in medieval the case mohammad ‘social policy at investigation of orientalist
Keywords:
society, law, change, muhammad, mecca, medina, democracAbstract
Social change is at center of sociological attention and the most important change in Middle Ages is change by law that changed human societies a law enacted by Muhammad in 622 led into a new social structure in Arabian Peninsula and geopolitical changes in world. The cause for changes was external form of migration from Arab society to Christian community of Ethiopia and internal form of migration in the arabian peninsula from city of Mecca as society of darkness without law and human rights to city of Medina. as society of citizenship rights and with new laws to accomplish human goals based on democracy. This social project have been done by social policy of Mohammad as a final development of Abrahamic prophecy. The first constitution in medieval was signed in Medina as a target community between pagan arab tribes and Jews and Muslims. Medina is first city changed to political city. According to research hypothesis, these changes are due to dynamic link between law, society and government in Middle Ages. The social policy of Mohammad is one of realities of sociology which interpreted by some global sociologist and historian As watt in his book Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman (1961), and These famous sociologists have written independent books on Muhammad's social policy based on first draft of constitution, known as Medina Pact, and have paid attention to them at center of their research This research, with abundance of historical materials studied in five hundred years of Oriental studies, proves that it is possible to study and determine exact social policy of Mohammad in one of new schools of sociology, including Parsons School.
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