Studies of genetic variability, character association and diversity analysis for yield and its components in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Keywords:
Wheat, Variability, Correlation, Path analysis, DiversityAbstract
The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. The data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, plant height, peduncle length, number of tillers per plant, days to maturity, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among fifty eight genotypes for all the characters under study. The highest estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were observed for grain yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for grain yield per plant. Grain yield per plant showed positive and significant correlation with Number of tillers per plant, Days to maturity, Spike length, Number of spikelets per spike, Number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, biological yield per plant and Harvest index. Based on D2 –statistics, 58 genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was found between cluster VII and VIII. This indicates that genotypes included in these clusters possess wide genetic diversity. On the basis of divergence and cluster mean it may be suggested that maximum heterosis and good recombinants could be obtained in crosses between genotypes of cluster VIII, VII, V and IV in varietal improvement programme. Thus, crosses between the genetically diverse genotypes of cluster VII with genotypes PBW-726, K-55, K-23 and PBW-703 and cluster V with genotypes like DBW-6602, WH-1105, K-27, K-54, PBW-292 and Tall-2 expected to exhibit high heterosis and are also likely to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Cluster VII which exhibited excellence for mean for Plant height, peduncle length and grain yield per plant for developing superior variety of wheat.
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