Evaluation of stability of urea and creatinine in dried blood spot stored at different temperature
Keywords:
DBS, urea, creatinine, stabilityAbstract
Background: The wide applications and merits of Dried Blood Spot (DBS) sampling has a high significance of early diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases in the context of Nepal where incidence of high mortality and morbidity rate is seen due to lack of proper diagnostic system and medical resources. Urea and creatinine are the easiest parameters to assess renal function test via DBS sampling.
Method: An experimental based, convenient sampling technique was performed during the health camp at Janamaitri Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from May 2018 to October 2018. A total of 25 participants were enrolled and blood samples were collected then DBS preparation was done. The serum sample on the day of collection was estimated for Urea and Creatinine concentration whilst DBS were stored under room temperature, 37ºC and 4ºC and examined for both analytes on Day 15, 30 and 45 respectively.
Results: Out of total 25 samples, the mean (± standard deviation) value of urea and creatinine of serum on the day of collection were 25.36 (± 2.90) and 1.03(± 0.16) respectively. The stability was reported to be good at 4ºC for both analytes where p-value was non-significant (≥0.05) reflecting its stability whereas under 37ºC, DBS stability in all days declined for Urea with a significant association i.e. p < 0.05 reflecting its instability. Mean creatinine values were stable comparatively to that of urea under all temperature and test days. As the storage temperature increases, the decline in concentration of analytes was noted.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that DBS technique can be used to assess renal function tests and stability of creatinine is suitable under all temperature for longer storage. Optimal temperature for storage to be 4ºC.
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