Quorum sensing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus salivarius (prospects of prevention of dental caries in the future): narrative review
Keywords:
dental caries, quorum sensing, streptococcus mutans, lactobacillus salivarius, biofilmAbstract
Background: Dental caries is the most widespread infectious disease, affecting millions of people worldwide. Streptococcus mutans is a major caries-causing microorganism in which its acidogenic and aciduric properties and its ability to adhere to tooth surfaces mediate its ability to produce extracellular polysaccharides from sucrose, all of which are virulence factors associated with the pathogenesis of dental caries. Lactobacillus salivarius is a type of lactic acid bacteria that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria through communication between bacterial cells called Quorum Sensing (QS).
Purpose: To analyze the mechanism of Quorum Sensing Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus salivarius.
Method: This study uses a narrative review method. The literature sources used in compiling the review are digital databases such as Pubmed, Sciencedirect, and Google Scholar regarding QS S. mutans and L. salivarius.
Discussion: Several literatures report that Lactobacillus salivarius can inhibit the growth of S. mutans through downregulation of genes that play a role in biofilm formation. The K35 and K43 proteins resulting from the activation of the L. salivarius gene work by inhibiting the expression of the LuxS gene resulting in downregulation of the VicK, VicR and ComC genes which act as coding for the glucosyltransferase (gtfBCD) gene for S. mutans biofilm formation and decreased autoinducer-2 signaling molecules. (AI-2) is used in the QS mechanism.
Conclusion: Lactobacillus salivarius in the oral cavity has prospects as an agent for preventing dental caries in the future by inhibiting the growth of S. mutans through the QS mechanism.
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