Depression among pupils of specialized high schools in the Mekong delta

Abstract

Major depressive disorder among high school pupils is emerging as a significant mental health concern in the context of modern education, particularly in specialized high schools, academic environments characterized by high-intensity demands and elevated social expectations. Pupils in these settings are not only exposed to common developmental stressors associated with adolescence, but also experience heightened vulnerability due to performance pressure and constant social comparison with high-achieving peers. The present study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among pupils enrolled in specialized high schools in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Based on a sample of 350 pupils, findings indicated that 32.9% exhibited depressive symptoms ranging from mild to severe levels. Statistically significant associated variables included female gender, high parental expectations, insufficient rest, and perceived social isolation. These findings provide critical empirical evidence supporting the need to develop and implement school-based mental health interventions that are individualized, contextually responsive, and sensitive to the unique psychosocial dynamics of pupils in specialized academic settings.