Molecular characterization of the genus Cousinia Cass. (Asteraceae) in Iraq utilizing RAPD markers
Keywords:
Cousinia, Asteraceae, Molecular, RAPD Markers, IraqAbstract
The research reported involves the characterization of seven species belonging to the genus Cousinia Cass. These species were collected from several locations in Northern Iraq. The study was conducted from 2021 to 2022 at the College of Science, University of Tikrit, located in Tikrit, Iraq. The variation in genetic relations within the species were determined using the random amplification polymorphism DNA (RAPD) technique. The statistical tool Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYSpc. 2.10e) was used for this purpose. Amplifications were achieved using 11 random primers, as confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The utilization of RAPD primers resulted in the production of 512 random bands, enabling the differentiation of Cousinia species from one another. The degree of genetic similarity among the studied species of Cousinia varied from 57.89% to 75.26%. The least genetic similarity, observed at 57.89%, was noted between Cousinia aintabensis and Cousinia stenocephala. On the other hand, the greatest degree of similarity of 75.26% was found between Cousinia kopi-karadaghensis and Cousinia odontolepis. The dendrogram displayed three primary clusters, determined by the genetic distance values. The third cluster further subdivided into three separate groupings. RAPD has demonstrated its efficacy as a method for investigating the degree of relatedness between species.
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