Determination of pesticide residue in maize treated with mixed pesticides against stem borer disease in selected farms within Enugu state, Nigeria
Keywords:
maize, pesticides, estimated daily intake (EDI), enugu stateAbstract
The study was conducted to ascertain the level of pesticide residues in four selected maize farms (Agbo, Glory, Igboanugo, and Ogbodo) in Enugu State, Nigeria. The maize samples were identified at the Department of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, ESUT, and subsequently ground into powdery form, and then properly labelled and stored in clean hermetic polyethylene bags until required for analysis. At each sampling site, samples were collected and mixed thoroughly before a representative 1 kg sample was bagged for that farm and labelled. Sample analysis for pesticide residue was conducted using gas chromatography coupled with an electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 20.0 and Ms-Excel 2007. The results obtained revealed the sum of the respective concentrations of the pesticides in the roasted, cooked, and unprocessed fresh maize samples in Agbo (0.9715 ppm, 0.5133 ppm, and 1.1628 ppm respectively), Glory (2.2381 ppm, 0.9147 ppm, and 1.5495 ppm respectively), Igboanugo (0.7869 ppm, 0.3998 ppm, and 1.9247 ppm respectively), and Ogbodo (2.1421 ppm, 1.234 ppm, and 1.0234 ppm respectively). Generally, the pesticide residue concentrations were high, and there was no trend in the roasted, cooked, and unprocessed fresh maize from the studied maize farms. Furthermore, statistical correlation analysis revealed the origin of the pesticide residues while analysis of variance revealed the effects of the pesticides on the roasted, cooked, and unprocessed fresh maize samples at a 0.05% level. Generally, the pesticide levels in the maize samples were significantly higher than the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization acceptable limits for pesticides in food crops, which indicated that the consumption of maize from the studied maize farms poses health hazards.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Victor Chinedu Onyia, Charles C. Chime, Prisca I. Udeozo, Okwesili C. Lotanna, Uka Job Ude
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