Insect pests, snails and spider mite associated with cultivated field peas, and Liriomyza spp parasitoids
Keywords:
Pisum sativum, population dynamics, insects, Tetranychus sp., Monacha cantiana, parasitoidsAbstract
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the most popular foods having a high nutritional value for human consumption. This important vegetable crop is liable to infestations of several insect pests that negatively affect the yield quantitatively and qualitatively. The current investigation was carried out at the experimental farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, during 2019/2020 and 2021 seasons. The objectives were to monitor the population dynamics of some insect pests, as well as two-spotted spider mite and snail. Also, the parasitoids attacking Liriomyza spp were recorded and monitored. In the first plantation (sown on October 10th), Liriomyza spp, Bemisia tabaci, Empoasca spp, as well as Tetranychus urticae and the snail, Monacha cantiana were found in considerable higher population densities; compared to Lampides boeticus, Thrips tabaci or Pieris rapae. In the second plantation (sown on January 15th), the infestations of field peas by Lampides boeticus and Thrips tabaci were higher than these of the first plantation. Four hymenopterous parasitoids were recorded, as emerging from Liriomyza spp pupae: Opius dissitus Muesebeck (Braconidae), Diglyphus isaea Waker (Eulophidae), D. crassinervis Erdos (Eulophidae) and Pediobius spp (Eulophidae). The total parasitism of the four species, during both seasons of study, ranged between 22.18 and 49.76% Liriomyza spp parasitism by Opius dissitus ranged between 3.60 and 5.31%, Diglyphus isaea between 12.99 and 33.33%, D. crassinervis between 2.04 and 8.85%, while that of Pediobius sp. ranged between 2.77 and 4.56%. The obtained results, from the current study, show that parasitoids of Liriomyza spp may contribute effectively in managing the leafminers attacking field peas. Accordingly, application of insecticides to control the dominant insects should be seriously minimized, particularly that P. sativum is mostly consumed as fresh vegetable, as well as the infestations by monitored pests were low in both seasons of study.
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