Impact of ecological conditions on population dynamic of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and associated predators in sweet potato fields ELBeheira Governorate, Egypt
Keywords:
Phenacoccus solenopsis, sweet potato, predatorsAbstract
The mealy bug, Phenacoccus solenopsis and the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae are a highly polyphagous sap sucking pests, without a hibernation period, as both are active all the year round. They are destructive pests of important vegetables and field crops. The present study was carried out at Rasheed region, Beheira Governorate during 2021 and 2022 seasons, to monitor the population fluctuations of mealybug and its predators; Coccinella undecimpunctata L., Chrysoperla carnea Steph, Scymnus spp. and Hippodamia tredecimpunctata in the first season, the infestation of P. solenopsis started on sweet potato plants at low numbers, the population increased gradually to reach its highest peak during 30th July (115.00 individual). This peak was followed by a relatively high population of the three predators, C. undecimpunctata (4.00 individual), Ch. carnea (8.00 individ.), Scymnus sp. (3.00 individ.) and H. tredecimpunctata (2.25 individ.). The second peak of the pest was detected on 21st Aug. (259.05 individual), synchronized with the peaks of the four, predators. During 2022, the first incidence of the mealybug was recorded on 30th July (114.97individ.). This peak was associated with the peaks of the four predators. The second peak of P. solenopsis was observed on 28th Aug. (196.50 individ.), it coincided with the peaks of the four predators. The infestation of P. solenopsis and T. urticae and their predators were highly significantly correlated with weather factors (Min.°c. and RH).
References
Abbas G, Arif MJ, Ashfaq M, Aslam M and Shafqat S. Host plants distribution and overwintering on cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Int. J. Agric. Biol. 2010;12(3):421-425.
AbdEL-Mageed AS Sanaa, Soad I, Abdel-Razak A, Haris HM. Ecological studies on the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on maize in Upper Egypt. Egypt. J. Plant Prot. Res. Inst. 2020;3(4):1098-1110.
Abdel- Razzik KI, Attia AR, AbdelAziz M. Newly host plants of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Egypt. Egypt Acad. Biolog. Sci. 2015;8(3):31-33.
Arif MI, Rafiq M, Ghaffar A. Host plants of cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis): A new menace to cotton agro-ecosystem of Punjab, Pakistan. Int. J. of Agriculture and Biology. 2009;11:163-167.
Bader AK, Al-Jboory IJ. First record of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley 1898 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Saudi Arabia. Bulletin Oepp/Eppo Bulletin. 2020;50(3):1-4.
Bakry MMS, Badawy AMM, Lamiaa HYM. Spatial distribution and abundance of the mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting okra plants. Int. J. of Agric. Sci. 2023;5(3):1-17.
Desai AV, Desai RDP, Bhanderi GR. Population dynamic of mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis and its natural enemies on Bt cotton. The Pharmal Innovation J. 2022;11(7):1506-1512.
El-Zahi ES, Farag AI. Population dynamic of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley on cotton plants and its susceptibility to some insecticides in relation to the exposure method. Alexandria Science Exchange Journal. 2017;38(2):231-237.
El-Fakharany SKM. Cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) population density in eggplant and okra plantation and effect of some insecticides. Egypt. J. Plant Prot. Res. Inst. 2020;3(1):377-388.
El-Zahi ES. Preferences and predatory potential of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Coccinella undeciumpanctata Linnaeus on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsly: A New Threat to the Egyptian Economic Crops. Alexandria Sci. Exchange J. 2017;38(4):837-843.
El-Zahi ES, Aref SA, Korish SKM. The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsly (Hemiptera: Pseudoccidae) as a new menace to cotton in Egypt and its chemical control. J. of Plant Prot. Res. Inst. 2016;56(2):111-115.
Fallahzadeh M, Abdimaleki R, Saghaei N. Host plant of the newly invasive mealybug species, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), in Homozgan province, Southern Iran. Entomo. Fauna. 2014;9(35):169-176.
Farhan A, Akram W, Sajjad A, Iran AU. Management practice against cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae). Int. J. Agriculture and Biology. 2011;13(4):547-552.
Gaber WM, Abou-elenien NF, Shehata EA. Population fluctuation of Tetranychus urticae on sweet potato (Ipomoca batatas L.) and effect of some insecticides. Egypt Acad. J. Biology. Sci. 2023;15(1):123-127.
Hameed A, Aziz MA, Aheer GM. Impact of ecological conditions on biology of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Steronorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) in laboratory. Pakistan J. of Zoology. 2012;44:685-690.
Hameed A, Shahzad MS, Mehmood A, Ahmad S, Islam N. Forecasting and modeling of sucking insect complex of cotton under agro-ecosystem of Multan- Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan J. of Agricultural Sciences. 2014;51(4):99-103.
Hendawy AS, El-Fakharany SK, Hegazy FH, Samy MA. Survey and population fluctuation of arthropod pests and predators in sweet potato at Nile Delta, Egypt. Egyptian Acad. J. of Biolog. Sci. A. Entomol. 2017;10(7):277-285.
Ibrahim SS. Study on cotton host plants of mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) and efficiency of its controlling on cotton plants in Egypt release the predators Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens). J. Plant. and Path., Mansoura Univ. 2018;9(3):247-252.
Jaha RC, Bharpoda TM, Patel MG. Occurrence of mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley Phenacoccus solani Ferris (Steronorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) on cotton in Gujarat. Insect Environ. 2008;13(4):149-150.
Jakubwska M, Fiedler Z. Plantacje burak ow zagrozone przez prz, edziorki. Wa zny jest monitoring (Beet plantation endangered by mite) Poradnik Plantatora Buraka Cukrowego. 2014;2:53-54.
Muluken G, Dejene M, Kassaye A, Belay T. Red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arachnida: Acari: Tetranychadae): A threatening pest to potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) production in eastern Ethiopia. Pest Management J of Ethiopia. 2016;19:53-59.
Nabil HA, Hegab MAM. Impact of some weather factors on the population density of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and its natural enemies. Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci. 2019;12(2):99-108.
Nagrare VS, Kumar R, Amutha M, Dharajothi B, Kranthi B, Vennila S, et al. A record of host plants of mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley for devising ecofriendly management strategies. J. Ent. Res. 2012;36(4):327-344.
Ramzan M, Ullah UN, Ishiaq M, Murtaza G, Qayyum MA, Manzoor F. Population dynamic of natural enemies and their correlation with weather parameters in cotton. J. of Innovative Sci. 2019;5(1):40- 45.
Refai EA, El-Sarand EA, Khalif AA. Population fluctuation of certain sucking insects and their natural enemies associated with seed watermelon, citrullus lanatus at rasheed region, beheira governorate, Egypt. Egy. J. Plant Protection, Res. 2016;4(4):61-69.
Saif El-Deen UM, Gouda AEAI, Badawy AS. Effect of foliar spray with some micronutrients and slow release nitrogen fertilizers rates on productivity and quality of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). J. Plant Prod., Mansoura Univ. 2015;6(8):1277-1291.
Shahid MR, Arif MJ, Gogi MD, Javed N. Host plant preference and mortality analysis of Phenacoccus solenopsis in association with biochemical traits of different plant species. Int. J. of Agriculture and Biology. 2016;19(2):211-218.
Shahid MR, Ilahi F, Zahra T, Rehman HU, Qureshi MM, Kanwal S, et al. Host plant- mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis) interaction: A review. J. of Pure and Applied Agric. 2022;7(3):66-77.