Biotechnological insights into medicinal plants for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: an overview
Keywords:
Medicinal plants, Liver cancer, HepG2 cell line, PhytochemicalsAbstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent liver cancers and ranks among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The liver’s critical role in metabolism and detoxification makes it particularly vulnerable to carcinogenic insults. Herbal medicine has long been explored for liver protection and cancer management, offering potential therapeutic benefits with reduced toxic side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy. Numerous medicinal plants have demonstrated promising in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities, yet their clinical efficacy and underlying mechanisms remain under-investigated. Bioactive compounds derived from these plants are gaining attention as potential hepatoprotective and anticancer agents. Experimental studies over the past century have revealed that several plant species exhibit cytotoxic, antioxidant, and apoptosis-inducing effects against liver cancer cells. This review highlights key medicinal plants evaluated for HCC, focusing on their bioactive constituents, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential. By consolidating current findings, the study aims to guide future research toward the discovery and development of novel plant-derived molecules for sustainable and effective management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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